Problem 106
Evaluate the integral: I = integral dx/(sqrt(1-x²) arcsin
Evaluate the integral: $$ I = \int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^2}\,\arcsin x}. $$
Explanation of Method
Since $\dfrac{d}{dx}(\arcsin x) = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$, that exact factor multiplies the integrand alongside $1/\arcsin x$. Substituting $u=\arcsin x$ turns the whole integral into the standard logarithmic form $\int \frac{du}{u}$.
- Substitute $u=\arcsin x$.
- Rewrite the integral in terms of $u$.
- Apply the standard logarithmic antiderivative.
- Substitute back and add the constant of integration.
Step 1 · Set up the substitution
Let:
$$ u = \arcsin x. $$
Then:
$$ du = \frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}. $$
Step 2 · Rewrite the integral
Substituting $u$ and $du$ into the integral:
$$ I = \int \frac{du}{u}. $$
Step 3 · Integrate
This is a standard logarithmic integral:
$$ I = \ln|u| + C. $$
Step 4 · Substitute back
Substituting back $u=\arcsin x$:
$$ I = \ln|\arcsin x| + C. $$
Summary Table
| Quantity | Value |
|---|---|
| Substitution | $u = \arcsin x$ |
| $dx/\sqrt{1-x^2}$ in terms of $du$ | $du$ |
| Antiderivative | $\ln|u|$ |
Additional Notes
- The domain requires $x\in(-1,1)$ with $x\neq0$ (since $\arcsin0=0$ makes the integrand undefined there).
- This follows the same "numerator matches the derivative of an inner function" pattern as the arctangent versions in Problems 107–108, but with $\arcsin x$ in place of $\arctan x$.
- The result can be checked by differentiating $\ln|\arcsin x|$ with the chain rule and confirming it returns $\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}\arcsin x}$.
Result
The solution to the integral is:
$$
I = \ln|\arcsin x| + C.
$$