Problem 14
Solve the differential equation √(1-x^2) dy+√(1-y^2) dx=0
Solve the differential equation $\sqrt{1-x^2}\,dy+\sqrt{1-y^2}\,dx=0$.
Explanation of Method
Separate variables into two standard $\arcsin$ integrals, requiring $|x|<1$ and $|y|<1$.
Step 1: Separate variables
\[\frac{dy}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=-\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^2}},\qquad |x|<1,\ |y|<1.\]
Step 2: Integrate
\[\arcsin y=-\arcsin x+C \quad\Longrightarrow\quad \boxed{\,\arcsin x+\arcsin y=C.}\]
Step 3: Equivalent explicit form
Using $\sin(\alpha+\beta)=\sin\alpha\cos\beta+\cos\alpha\sin\beta$ with $\alpha=\arcsin x,\ \beta=\arcsin y$, and $\cos(\arcsin u)=\sqrt{1-u^2}$, the relation is equivalent to
\[y\sqrt{1-x^2}+x\sqrt{1-y^2}=k,\qquad |k|\le1.\]
Result
Final answer:
\[\boxed{\,\arcsin x+\arcsin y=C\ \ \Longleftrightarrow\ \ y\sqrt{1-x^2}+x\sqrt{1-y^2}=k.}\]