Problem 604
Easy Tangents, Normals, and Asymptotes

Find the asymptote of the spiral rho²=(a²)/phi, phi>0

Find the asymptote of the spiral $\rho^2=\dfrac{a^2}{\varphi}$, $\varphi>0$.

Explanation of Method

A slower blow-up in ρ drives the height all the way down to zero: the asymptote is the polar axis itself.

Step 1: Cartesian coordinates

With $\rho=|a|/\sqrt\varphi$: \[x=\rho\cos\varphi=\frac{a\cos\varphi}{\sqrt\varphi}, \qquad y=\rho\sin\varphi=\frac{a\sin\varphi}{\sqrt\varphi}. \tag{1}\]

Step 2: Behavior as $\varphi\to0^+$

\[ \lim_{\varphi\to0^+}x=\lim_{\varphi\to0^+}\frac{a\cos\varphi}{\sqrt\varphi}=+\infty. \tag{2} \]

\[ \lim_{\varphi\to0^+}y=a\lim_{\varphi\to0^+}\sqrt\varphi\cdot\frac{\sin\varphi}{\varphi}=a\cdot0\cdot1=0. \tag{3} \]

Step 3: Verification

\[a=1,\ \varphi=0.0001\text{: }x\approx100.0,\ y\approx0.00999998\to0\ \checkmark\]


Result

Final answer:

\[\boxed{\,y=0\,}\]

As $\varphi\to0^+$, $x\to+\infty$ while $y\to0$: the curve approaches the polar axis.