Problem 115
Easy Differentiation Techniques

Find y' for y = 10^(10^x)

Find $y'$ for $y = 10^{10^{x}}$.

Explanation of Method

The same tower with base 10 on both levels.

Step 1: Set up the two layers

Let $u = 10^{x}$, so $y = 10^{u}$. Each level contributes its own factor $\ln 10$: \[\frac{dy}{du} = 10^{u}\ln 10 = 10^{10^{x}}\ln 10, \qquad \frac{du}{dx} = 10^{x}\ln 10.\]

Step 2: Multiply

\[ y' = 10^{10^{x}}\ln 10\cdot 10^{x}\ln 10 = 10^{x}\cdot 10^{10^{x}}\cdot(\ln 10)^{2}. \]

Step 3: Verification

\[x = 0:\quad y = 10^{1} = 10,\quad y' = 1\cdot 10\cdot(\ln 10)^{2} \approx 10\cdot 5.30190 = 53.0190\]

\[\frac{y(10^{-6})-y(-10^{-6})}{2\times 10^{-6}} \approx 53.019 \;\;\checkmark\]


Result

Final answer:

\[\boxed{\,y' = 10^{x}\cdot 10^{10^{x}}\cdot(\ln 10)^{2}\,}\]

Remark

Remark. Compare with Problem 114: replacing the outer base $e$ by $10$ turns one factor $\ln 10$ into two. The general pattern is that a tower $a^{a^{x}}$ differentiates to $a^{x}a^{a^{x}}(\ln a)^{2}$ — the third term of Problem 116.